Info

Cusco, Peru: A Tourist’s Essential Guide

Cusco is not just a city; it’s the gateway to one of the New Seven Wonders of the World and the heart of the ancient Inca Empire. This guide provides all the essential information you need to plan your visit.

1. The “Must-Sees” & “Must-Dos” (Top Attractions)

• The Historic Center (Plaza de Armas): The main square is the vibrant heart of Cusco, surrounded by stunning Spanish colonial buildings, the magnificent Cusco Cathedral, and the beautiful Church of the Compañía de Jesús. It’s perfect for people-watching and soaking in the atmosphere.

• Sacsayhuamán: The impressive fortress-temple overlooking the city. Its massive, perfectly interlocking stones are a breathtaking example of Inca engineering. It’s part of the Cusco Tourist Ticket.

• Qorikancha (Temple of the Sun): Once the richest temple in the Inca Empire, adorned in gold. The Spanish built the Convent of Santo Domingo on top of its foundations, creating a unique architectural fusion. A must-see to understand Inca history.

• San Pedro Market: A bustling local market where you can experience everyday life. Find fresh produce, local cheeses, fruit juices, souvenirs, and even try a traditional Cusqueñian lunch.

• The Sacred Valley of the Incas: A day trip to the Sacred Valley (which includes Pisac, Ollantaytambo, and Chinchero) is highly recommended. It’s lower in altitude than Cusco, making it a great place to acclimatize, and it’s filled with magnificent ruins and vibrant markets.

2. The Gateway to Machu Picchu

• Getting There: All roads to Machu Picchu start in Cusco.

  • By Train: The most common way. Trains depart from Poroy station (near Cusco) or, more frequently, from Ollantaytambo in the Sacred Valley. Book well in advance! Companies include PeruRail and Inca Rail.

  • By Foot: The world-famous Inca Trail is a multi-day trek that ends at Machu Picchu. Permits are required and sell out months in advance.

3. Essential Practical Information

• Altitude (SOROCHI): Cusco is at 3,400 meters (11,150 ft). Altitude sickness is a real concern.

  • Acclimatize: Spend your first 24-48 hours resting, drinking lots of water, and avoiding heavy food and alcohol.

  • Drink Coca Tea: This local remedy helps with symptoms.

  • Consider Medication: Ask your doctor about acetazolamide (Diamox).

• Getting Around:

  • On Foot: The historic center is very walkable.

  • Taxis: They are plentiful and inexpensive. Always agree on a price before getting in.

  • Buses: Cheap and cover the city, but can be crowded for tourists.

• Money:

  • The local currency is the Peruvian Sol (PEN).

  • US Dollars are widely accepted in tourist areas, but you’ll often get change in Soles.

  • Carry cash for small purchases, markets, and taxis. ATMs are widely available.

• Weather & Packing:

  • Cusco has two distinct seasons: Dry Season (Apr-Oct) with sunny days and cold nights, and Rainy Season (Nov-Mar).

  • Pack layers! A typical day can go from sunny and warm to cold and rainy. Essentials include: a warm jacket, raincoat, hat, sunscreen, sunglasses, comfortable walking shoes, and a reusable water bottle.

4. Food & Drink

• Must-Try Dishes:

  • Cuy: Grilled guinea pig, a traditional Andean delicacy.

  • Lomo Saltado: A savory stir-fry of beef, tomatoes, onions, and french fries, served with rice.

  • Ceviche: (Though from the coast, it’s found everywhere) Fresh raw fish cured in citrus juices.

  • Aji de Gallina: A creamy, mildly spicy chicken stew.

  • Pisco Sour: Peru’s national cocktail. Try one, but be cautious with the altitude!

5. The Cusco Tourist Ticket (Boleto Turístico)

• This ticket is essential for accessing 16 major archaeological sites and museums in and around Cusco, including Sacsayhuamán, Q’enqo, Puca Pucara, Tambomachay, Pisac, and Ollantaytambo.

• It can be purchased at the main office at Avenida El Sol 103. There are partial and full circuit tickets available.